Food security refers to the state in which all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. It encompasses four main dimensions:
- Availability: Ensuring enough food is produced or supplied through domestic production, imports, or food aid.
- Access: Having sufficient resources to obtain appropriate foods for a nutritious diet.
- Utilization: Proper biological use of food, requiring a diet providing sufficient energy and essential nutrients, potable water, and adequate sanitation.
- Stability: Consistent availability and access to food over time, without risks of sudden shortages or crises.
Achieving food security involves addressing challenges such as poverty, climate change, conflicts, and sustainable agricultural practices. It is a fundamental goal for improving health, economic development, and social stability worldwide.